两条路分开准备
EB-1A 和 NIW 是两个类别
材料不能套用同一张清单
职业移民第一优先 · EB-1
EB-1A 杰出人才
在科学、艺术、教育、商业或体育领域，以持续的国内或国际声誉证明杰出能力。
- 可以自己递交 I-140 申请
Extraordinary Ability: You may apply for yourself by filing a Form I-140, Petition for Alien Worker.
- 不需要雇主聘书，也不需要劳工证
No offer of employment or labor certification is required.
- 还要有证据显示将继续在本专长领域工作
as well as evidence showing that you will be continuing to work in the area of your expertise.
职业移民第二优先 · EB-2
NIW 国家利益豁免
申请免除工作邀约与劳工证要求，理由是这对美国的国家利益有益。
- 属于 EB-2 第二优先类别下的豁免申请
for the second preference category, an immigrant petition may request a waiver of the job offer, and thus the labor certification requirement, because it is in the national interest of the United States.
- 可以自己申请，不需要雇主担保，也不用向劳工部申请劳工证
Those seeking a national interest waiver may self-petition (you do not need an employer to sponsor you) and you do not need to obtain a labor certification from the DOL.
- 递交时须附填好的 ETA-9089 附录 A 与签名的 ETA-9089 Final Determination
the petition must be accompanied by a completed Form ETA-9089, Appendix A and a signed Form ETA-9089, Final Determination.
原文要求至少满足其中 3 项，或提供一次性重大成就；某项不适用时可提交可比证据。满足项数本身不等于获批。
- 01
全国或国际认可的卓越成就奖项Evidence of receipt of lesser nationally or internationally recognized prizes or awards for excellence
- 02
要求成员取得杰出成就的行业协会Evidence of your membership in associations in the field which demand outstanding achievement of their members
- 03
专业刊物、主流行业刊物或主要媒体关于本人的报道Evidence of published material about you in professional or major trade publications or other major media
- 04
评审他人工作（独立或评审团）Evidence that you have been asked to judge the work of others, either individually or on a panel
- 05
对所在领域有重大意义的原创贡献Evidence of your original scientific, scholarly, artistic, athletic, or business-related contributions of major significance to the field
- 06
在专业刊物、主流行业刊物或主要媒体发表学术文章Evidence of your authorship of scholarly articles in professional or major trade publications or other major media
- 07
作品在艺术展览或展示中展出Evidence that your work has been displayed at artistic exhibitions or showcases
- 08
在声誉卓著的组织担任领导或关键角色Evidence of your performance of a leading or critical role in distinguished organizations
- 09
相较同行的高薪或显著高报酬Evidence that you command a high salary or other significantly high remuneration in relation to others in the field
- 10
表演艺术领域的商业成功Evidence of your commercial successes in the performing arts
来源：USCIS：Employment-Based Immigration: First Preference EB-1，页面标注更新 2025-01-24，本站 2026-10-27 核对原文。
NIW 三项考量
国家利益豁免没有十项清单
移民局按三项因素综合判断
- 1拟从事的方向有实质价值，并具国家重要性Prong 1: Evidence That Your Endeavor Has Substantial Merit and National Importance
- 2你有条件推进这一方向：学历、技能、知识与相关成果记录Prong 2: Evidence That You Are Well-Positioned to Advance Your Endeavor
- 3综合来看，免除工作邀约与劳工证要求对美国有益Prong 3: On Balance, It Would Be Beneficial to the United States to Waive the Job Offer and Thus the Permanent Labor Certification Requirements
移民局综合全部证据判断，没有哪一项证据能单独确立资格。“USCIS reviews the totality of the evidence when adjudicating national interest waiver requests. There is no single factor or piece of evidence that will establish eligibility.”
来源：USCIS：Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2（含 NIW），页面标注更新 2025-01-15，本站 2026-10-27 核对原文。
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